Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is one of India’s most celebrated festivals, earning it the moniker “Festival of Lights.” This annual event holds deep cultural and spiritual significance, transcending religious boundaries to unite people of various faiths.
Diwali represents the victory of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance. It serves as a time for family reunions, fostering strong bonds and joy within communities.
When Is Diwali?
Diwali’s date varies from year to year due to its adherence to the lunar calendar. Typically falling between October and November, the festival spans five days, with the darkest night of the month, Amavasya, marking the main day of celebration.
| Year | Date of Diwali |
|---|---|
| 2023 | Sunday, November 12 |
| 2024 | Friday, November 1 |
| 2025 | Monday, October 20 |
| 2026 | Sunday, November 8 |
Diwali: A Five-Day Festival
Diwali is not a one-day affair; it extends over five days, each with its unique customs and rituals:
- Dhanteras: The festival commences with Dhanteras, a day dedicated to the worship of wealth and prosperity. People clean and decorate their homes, and it is considered auspicious to purchase precious metals or utensils on this day.
- Naraka Chaturdashi (Choti Diwali): On this day, the victory of Lord Krishna over the demon Narakasura is celebrated. People take oil baths and light lamps to symbolize the triumph of light over darkness.
- Deepavali (Lakshmi Puja): The main day of Diwali, Deepavali, involves the worship of Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth. Homes are beautifully decorated with lamps and rangoli, and families come together to offer prayers and share feasts.
- Govardhan Puja: This day commemorates Lord Krishna’s lifting of the Govardhan Hill to protect the villagers from torrential rains. Devotees create small hillocks of food and worship them.
- Bhai Dooj: The final day of Diwali is dedicated to the bond between brothers and sisters. Sisters perform aarti for their brothers and pray for their well-being, while brothers give gifts in return.
History and Legends
Diwali has ancient roots, with references in Hindu scriptures like the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Over time, it evolved into the festival we celebrate today.
Key legends associated with Diwali include the triumphant return of Lord Rama to Ayodhya after defeating Ravana, the vanquishing of the demon Narakasura by Lord Krishna, and the Govardhan Puja, which commemorates Krishna’s divine deeds. These stories illustrate the victory of good over evil and the importance of righteousness.
Diwali Traditions and Rituals
Traditional Diwali customs include:
- Lighting of diyas and decorations: Diyas (oil lamps) symbolize the victory of light and goodness, while homes are adorned with colorful decorations, rangoli patterns, and vibrant lanterns.
- Rangoli designs: Intricate patterns made with colored powders or flower petals are created at entrances to welcome guests and bring good luck.
- Fireworks: Fireworks are an integral part of Diwali celebrations, signifying the joyous victory of light. However, eco-friendly alternatives are gaining popularity due to environmental concerns.
- Exchanging gifts and sweets: Giving and receiving gifts and sweets symbolize the exchange of love and good wishes among friends and family, strengthening bonds and spreading happiness.
Culture to Know 